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Smith at Rutgers

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smith at rutgers

Congressman Chris Smith asked the Rutgers University administration whether its response to demands issued by organizers of the encampments at the university is an appeasement of antisemite, anti-Israel, pro-Hamas protesters.

The protestors at the campus directed Rutgers to divest from any firm or corporation materially participating in, benefiting from, or otherwise supporting the state of Israel’s settler colonialism, apartheid, and genocide of Palestine and the Palestinian people, terminate its partnership with Tel Aviv University, give scholarships to Gazan students with taxpayer funding; and issue a statement from the Office of the President acknowledging ongoing genocide against Palestinians.

“Any capitulation whatsoever to antisemitic, anti-Israel, pro-Hamas protesters is absolutely disgraceful,” Smith said, after visiting the New Brunswick campus last week to view the encampment on Voorhees Mall.

Rutgers published a “comprehensive list” of protester demands—which included full amnesty for their actions— set forth as requirements for ending the encampment, which reportedly disrupted 28 exams and impacted more than 1,000 students.

“Instead of rewarding unbridled hatred for Jews and the nation of Israel, Rutgers should be working to combat the violent and antisemitic threats that have been escalating against Jewish students on campus,” said Smith, who co-chairs the House Task Force for Combating Antisemitism.

“The action taken by University officials is especially concerning in light of the ongoing investigation by Congress into Rutgers’ egregious history of antisemitism and its failure to protect Jewish students,” said Smith, who vowed to continue pressing to hold top leaders at the state university accountable.

In March the University received a letter informing officials of the congressional investigation and noting “Rutgers stands out for the intensity and pervasiveness of antisemitism on its campuses.” The letter, which Smith said reads more like an indictment, specifically states that “Rutgers-Newark’s Center for Security, Race and Rights (CSRR) has become notorious as a hotbed of radical antisemitic, anti-American, anti-Israel, and pro-terrorist activity.”

Smith said that Rutgers has submitted approximately 80,000 pages to date in response to the congressional investigation that remains underway but noted the vast majority have not been illuminative thus far.

smith at rutgers

Killing Lincoln – Book Review

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Killing Lincoln
Killing Lincoln

Bill O’Reilly and Martin Dugard

Henry Holt & Co., publishers 2011

The history of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln will never be able to be told with all its mysteries and nuances, but once again O ‘Reilly and Dugard present an incredibly researched and fascinating story about an event that changed American history.

While the world has heard and knows so much about John Wilkes Booth, the handsome young actor who entered the Presidential box at Ford’s Theater during a play which President and Mrs. Lincoln were enjoying, few know the events leading up to the killing, aside from the fact Booth was a Confederate sympathizer and felt empowered to take matters into his own hands after Robert E. Lee surrendered.

But Killing Lincoln goes in great detail in a fascinating and intriguing way. laying out details day by day, then hour by hour, including the murder itself, then the killer’s cowardly flight and subsequent demise.

The authors go into detail about Dr. Mudd, whose actions led to the saying “His name is Mudd” and even the Surratt’s, mother and cowardly son. It continues to leave open, since history will never know for sure, whether Secretary of War Stanton was involved or aware, but recognizes the contributions William Seward, whose murder was also attempted that night, made to the United States years later.

The authors need no publicity to prove their accuracy, authenticity and downright fascinating way of telling true but horrible stories in understanding ways. The “Killing “ Series should be a part of every American’s library.

 

More Book Reviews HERE

Daniel Whitfield – Medal of Honor Recipient

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Daniel Whitfield - Medal of Honor Recipient

Little is known about Daniel Whitfield, a Newark native who received his al Medal of Honor for bravery during the Civil War.

There are numerous accounts, some accurate, others incomplete, about other Medal honorees who went into military service through New Jersey, giving the state credit for their heroism.

There are stories about another New Jerseyan, John O. Siegel who received his medal for action in Norfolk, Va. during World War I, but who was also charged more than once with AWOL, was given less than honorable discharges not once but twice, and abandoned his wife and family at some point in his career. After his military service and prison time for abandoning the service, he assumed a different name and twice applied for a duplicate of his Medal of Honor. Still, he was honored for the bravery he had shown at one point in his life.

For Quartermaster Whitfield, he was a Sailor in the Union Navy, born in 1821 in Newark and served aboard the USS Lackawanna during the Civil War. He was recognized for his bravery when the ship was at the Battle of Mobile Bay Aug. 5, 1864.

The Lackawanna was launched at the Brooklyn Navy Yard in August 1862, commissioned January 1863, and went almost immediately into the War under Rear Admiral William Farragut. to serve the Union along the Gulf Coast.

The ship captured the Confederate Neptune and the following day another steamer as part of Farragut’s successful conquest of Mobile Bay.

The Lackawanna rammed the Confederate ship, the Tennessee, the first of several actions which soon led to the Confederacy surrendering the ship and ending the Battle of Mobile Bay, closing the last major port for the Confederacy along the Gulf Coast.

Sketch, probably by 3rd Assistant Engineer Robert Weir, of USS Richmond, depicting USS Lackawanna, Captain John B. Marchand in command, ramming the Confederate ironclad CSS Tennessee as she steamed up Mobile Bay toward the Federal fleet.
US Naval History and Heritage Command photo # NH 1284.

Quartermaster Whitfield was serving as the captain of a gun on Aug. 5, 1864, aboard the Lackawanna, when he obeyed both instinct and orders by waiting to fire upon the Tennessee until his ship was alongside his ship.

The Sailor received the Medal of Honor Dec. 31, 1864, but little is known about his life after the end of the Civil War. It is not known when he died or where he is buried.

The Lackawanna continued to serve in the Gulf until returning to New York in June 1865. She was decommissioned July 20, 1865.

The citation

While serving as quartermaster on board the U.S.S. Lackawanna during successful attacks against Fort Morgan, rebel gunboats, and the rebel ram Tennessee in Mobile Bay, 5 August 1864. Acting as captain of a gun, Whitfield coolly stood by his gun, holding on to the lock string, and waited alongside the rebel ram Tennessee until able to fire the shot that entered her port. Whitfield courageously carried out his duties during the prolonged action which resulted in the capture of the prize ram Tennessee and in the damaging and destruction of Fort Morgan.

 

More Stories on the Medal of Honor and the Recipients HERE

 

 

Daniel Whitfield – Medal of Honor Recipient

MAST Volunteers 4 Fins for Freedom

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Fins for freedom

Cadets from MAST, the Marine Academy of Science and Technology, will be among the volunteers at the Atlantic Highlands Yacht Harbor Saturday, May 18, to assist Fins for Freedom in providing a day of fun, recreation and offshore fishing for military members and veterans.

“They want to show their appreciation and respect to veterans, and since so many of the cadets will be entering the military themselves, they want to spend some time with the vets and ask about their service.,” said Commander Tracie Smith-Yeoman, senior naval instructor at MAST, where every student is a member of the NJROTC.

Fins for Freedom is in its third year of providing a fishing day on private boats for veterans, following a breakfast at the Seniors Center at the Yacht Harbor and a dinner after the event at Off the Hook. The non-profit organization has received support from dozens of boaters and their captains who volunteer their craft and seamanship to help make the day happen. Numerous other organizations, businesses and individuals also provide gifts and monetary donations to enable the non-profit organization to continue to offer the popular program which can accommodate up to 100 veterans in a variety of vessels.

The MAST cadets volunteered to assist when they heard about the program from Dan Brady of Atlantic Highlands, one of the principals of Fins for Freedom. They will begin the day May 18 setting up the breakfast foods, serving the vets, and engaging them in conversation to create a nice, friendly environment. They will also direct the vets from the senior center after breakfast to each of the docks where the boats are docked.

Smith-Yeoman pointed out there are added benefits to having the cadets volunteer. “Our cadets receive their New Jersey Boater Safety licenses during their sophomore year at MAST, and since all of our cadets go out many times each year on our 65-foot research vessel, our cadets would be able to crew the boats if the need arose.”

In return the cadets will receive a better understanding of how much veterans have given of themselves to our country. “Even if all veterans may not have seen combat, they volunteered to serve. Especially for those who joined after 9/11, they knew the chance of going to a combat zone was very high, but they signed up to serve anyway,” the retired naval officer said. “Everyone needs to understand it is important to thank the vets for their service. It’s the right thing to do and our cadets appreciate the opportunity,” she said.

“This is the first time our cadets will be volunteering with Fins For Freedom, so it is the start of what I know will be a long and rewarding relationship,” the commanding officer of the unit continued. She cited the many different ways the cadets volunteer in communities throughout the area, including reading to toddlers in a local daycare, planting flags on veterans’ graves, cleaning up the beaches and paths of Fort Hancock and Sandy Hook, as well as in churches and synagogues and do yard work for elderly neighbors. “Our cadets do wonderful work all over the community!” Smith-Yeoman said.  “We are honored to work with Fins For Freedom and we truly appreciate what the members of that organization do for our veterans. They are local heroes offering a momentous day of fishing and camaraderie to America’s heroes and we are happy to support them.”

For information on donations to Fins for Freedom and for veterans to join the day of fishing and recreation, visit Finsforfreedom.org.

For information on donations to Fins for Freedom and for veterans to join the day of fishing and recreation, visit Finsforfreedom.org.

Freedom

All Saints’ Auction

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All Saints'

All Saints’ Memorial Church (a/k/a The Stone Church) will hold its annual All Saints’ Auction Saturday, May 18.

All Saints'

Preview for the evening’s items will begin at 5:30 with the live auction underway at 7 p.m. in the Stone Church Parish House, 202 Navesink Avenue.

Price is $40 per person and includes beverages and appetizers as well as five tickets for auction baskets.

During the lively night of fun, food and festive beverages, guests can bid on a wide array of fabulous silent new and unique auction items including gourmet, beauty and entertaining baskets, and certificates to popular local restaurants. The activity leads to the live auction featuring getaways, tickets to sporting events, cooking demonstrations and much more! The community is invited to participate in the event and should note their contribution allows All Saints’ to assist with outreach commitments and help upkeep this National Historic Landmark campus which serves the community in many ways.

With limited space, guests are urged to reserve early or seek further information by visiting https://allsaintsnavesink.org/annual-auction or www.allsaintsnavesink.org/events

All Saints’ Memorial Church (a/k/a The Stone Church) will hold its annual All Saints Auction Saturday, May 18.

Preview for the evening’s items will begin at 5:30 with the live auction underway at 7 p.m. in the Stone Church Parish House, 202 Navesink Avenue.

Price is $40 per person and includes beverages and appetizers as well as five tickets for auction baskets.

During the lively night of fun, food and festive beverages, guests can bid on a wide array of fabulous silent new and unique auction items including gourmet, beauty and entertaining baskets, and certificates to popular local restaurants. The activity leads to the live auction featuring getaways, tickets to sporting events, cooking demonstrations and much more! The community is invited to participate in the event and should note their contribution allows All Saints to assist with outreach commitments and help upkeep this National Historic Landmark campus which serves the community in many ways.

With limited space, guests are urged to reserve early or seek further information by visiting https://allsaintsnavesink.org/annual-auction or www.allsaintsnavesink.org/events All Saints’ Memorial Church (a/k/a The Stone Church) will hold its annual All Saints Auction Saturday, May 18.

Preview for the evening’s items will begin at 5:30 with the live auction underway at 7 p.m. in the Stone Church Parish House, 202 Navesink Avenue.

Price is $40 per person and includes beverages and appetizers as well as five tickets for auction baskets.

During the lively night of fun, food and festive beverages, guests can bid on a wide array of fabulous silent new and unique auction items including gourmet, beauty and entertaining baskets, and certificates to popular local restaurants. The activity leads to the live auction featuring getaways, tickets to sporting events, cooking demonstrations and much more! The community is invited to participate in the event and should note their contribution allows All Saints to assist with outreach commitments and help upkeep this National Historic Landmark campus which serves the community in many ways.

With limited space, guests are urged to reserve early or seek further information by visiting https://allsaintsnavesink.org/annual-auction or www.allsaintsnavesink.org/eventsAll Saints’ Memorial Church (a/k/a The Stone Church) will hold its annual All Saints Auction Saturday, May 18.

Preview for the evening’s items will begin at 5:30 with the live auction underway at 7 p.m. in the Stone Church Parish House, 202 Navesink Avenue.

Price is $40 per person and includes beverages and appetizers as well as five tickets for auction baskets.

During the lively night of fun, food and festive beverages, guests can bid on a wide array of fabulous silent new and unique auction items including gourmet, beauty and entertaining baskets, and certificates to popular local restaurants. The activity leads to the live auction featuring getaways, tickets to sporting events, cooking demonstrations and much more! The community is invited to participate in the event and should note their contribution allows All Saints to assist with outreach commitments and help upkeep this National Historic Landmark campus which serves the community in many ways.

With limited space, guests are urged to reserve early or seek further information by visiting https://allsaintsnavesink.org/annual-auction or www.allsaintsnavesink.org/events

Rabbi Dovid Harrison at Care One

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Rabbi Dovid Harrison at Care One
Rabbi Dovid Harrison spends some tiime chatting with Richard, one of the residents at Care One at Middletown who shared time with the Rabbi during the Passover season.

Rabbi Dovid Harrison, religious leader and Lubavitch-trained rabbi at Congregation Beth Shalom in Red Bank spent time with Jewish residents and others at the Care One at Middletown before Passover, sharing thoughts and bringing comfort to residents.

The rabbi, who is also an attorney, has been teaching Jewish culture in the area for several years, He and his wife Hindy have three children and are both active in the community. He was invited to meet with residents at the care center at the request of residents who enjoyed an informal meeting with the religious leader.

Rabbi Harrison is a native of Miami Beach, Florida, attended high school in a French yeshiva and earned his bachelor‘s degree in Talmudic law from Yeshiva Gedolah Rabbinical College in Miami. He earned a master’s in Hebrew letters and was ordained from the Rabbinical College of America in Morristown; he earned his law degree from the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law in Manhattan in 2004.

Rabbi Dovid Harrison, religious leader and Lubacitch-trained rabbi at Congregation Beth Shalom in Red Bank spent time with Jewish residents and others at the Care One at Middletown before Passover, sharing thoughts and bringing comfort to residents.

The rabbi, who is also an attorney, has been teaching Jewish culture in the area for several years, He and his wife Hindy have three children and are both active in the community. He was invited to meet with residents at the care center at the request of residents who enjoyed an informal meeting with the religious leader.

Rabbi Harrison is a native of Miami Beach, Florida, attended high school in a French yeshiva and earned his bachelor‘s degree in Talmudic law from Yeshiva Gedolah Rabbinical College in Miami. He earned a master’s in Hebrew letters and was ordained from the Rabbinical College of America in Morristown; he earned his law degree from the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law in Manhattan in 2004.

Rabbi Dovid Harrison, religious leader and Lubacitch-trained rabbi at Congregation Beth Shalom in Red Bank spent time with Jewish residents and others at the Care One at Middletown before Passover, sharing thoughts and bringing comfort to residents.

The rabbi, who is also an attorney, has been teaching Jewish culture in the area for several years, He and his wife Hindy have three children and are both active in the community. He was invited to meet with residents at the care center at the request of residents who enjoyed an informal meeting with the religious leader.

Rabbi Harrison is a native of Miami Beach, Florida, attended high school in a French yeshiva and earned his bachelor‘s degree in Talmudic law from Yeshiva Gedolah Rabbinical College in Miami. He earned a master’s in Hebrew letters and was ordained from the Rabbinical College of America in Morristown; he earned his law degree from the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law in Manhattan in 2004.

Rabbi Dovid Harrison, religious leader and Lubacitch-trained rabbi at Congregation Beth Shalom in Red Bank spent time with Jewish residents and others at the Care One at Middletown before Passover, sharing thoughts and bringing comfort to residents.

The rabbi, who is also an attorney, has been teaching Jewish culture in the area for several years, He and his wife Hindy have three children and are both active in the community. He was invited to meet with residents at the care center at the request of residents who enjoyed an informal meeting with the religious leader.

Rabbi Harrison is a native of Miami Beach, Florida, attended high school in a French yeshiva and earned his bachelor‘s degree in Talmudic law from Yeshiva Gedolah Rabbinical College in Miami. He earned a master’s in Hebrew letters and was ordained from the Rabbinical College of America in Morristown; he earned his law degree from the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law in Manhattan in 2004.

Atlantic Highlands High School

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Atlantic Highlands High School
Arnold T. Truex

In 1939, when there was an Atlantic Highlands High School and teens from Highlands had their choice of going to that school or Leonardo High School on Leonardville Road, now Bayshore School, the Atrecall, the Atlantic Highlands High year book was dedicated to a man whose name and family are still a vital part of Atlantic Highlands. The book also included a tribute to another man whose expertise, experience and lessons of good sportsmanship led the students to thank him for “a greater appreciation of love of sports…”

The class advisor was Everett Curry, the sports figure was Arnold T. Truex.

Everett Curry, who later became Mayor of his home town, was a graduate of Trenton State Teachers College and nine years later was class advisor at the school along with Miss Cecil Brayton, later identified as Mrs. Howard Engelhardt.

Atlantic Highlands High School
Everett Curry

In praising Advisor Curry, students wrote he taught them “the art of making raw materials into useful crafts,” and said that since he earned high honors when achieving his degree in Education he was able “to transfer his ability and industry not only to the manual training department” ..but also to being and advisor. At the same time, the teacher was also active with the Sea Scouts.

Students described Curry and admired ”his calm disposition and his congeniality” which they said “are always in evidence. Time and effort are meaningless to him in the execution of a task”, students wrote, and “one often hears it said of him that he never has the heart to say no.” In expressing gratitude for his everyday demeanor, his assistance with everything from the school’s Strawberry Festival to building the scenery for school plays, the students could only say “He’s tops!”

Truex, who was the boys physical education instructor for all four years of the Class of 1939, taught the students “the better evaluation of good sportsmanship and the desire to learn and play the games as near perfection as it was humanly possible.” The yearbook commentary then went on “to prove these efforts were not in vain is only to show the seasons records of those four years summarizing the main high points in their sports.

Truex brought “one of the two smallest high schools in the Shore Conference Group II Division to third place finishes in baseball and football and second place finishes in basketball and baseball in the1936-37 seasons, a tie for first place with Lakewood in football in the next year, a first in Shore Conference basketball and North Central Jersey Championship basketball, and a place in the State Finals, losing to Princeton by one point, 18-17. In the final year, Truex brought his team to a fifth place in football, a third in basketball and a first in baseball. Through it all, students wrote, he was “a Molder of Men.” and wished him luck in his future achievements and success in all his undertakings.”

Among the 45 students in the class of 1939 were Stanley Sorenson, Grandin Paddock, Edward Kwik, Harold Cottrell, Gerard Dempsey, Joanne Banfield, Anthony Carbone and William Black.

 

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Atlantic Highlands High School

Atlantic Highlands High School Atlantic Highlands High School Atlantic Highlands High School

Fins for Freedom

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Fins for Freedom
Fins for Freedom … Earned, Never Given

NORAD of Davisville, one of the top ten auto importers in North America is a proud Premier Sponsor of Fins for Freedom, thanks to the generosity of its owner, Michael Miranda of Rhode Island as well as the enthusiasm he exudes for the project among his workers, notably Matt Martyn of Bayville.

Fins for Freedom is the three year old non-profit volunteer team of four men who work through boaters and other volunteers out of the Atlantic Highlands Yacht Harbor to annually provide a day of meals, fishing and relaxation off shore in private boats to both active duty and military veterans. This year’s event leaves from the Harbor the morning of May 18 in Armed Fores Week, following a breakfast at the Harbor and dinner upon the return trip.

“It’s seeing the difference it makes to have a day of joy and relaxation,” said Martyn, a NORAD employee who first heard of the program and eagerly signed up to assist. He said it was his privilege and joy to work as a mate on one of the more than two dozen private boats that took the servicemen and women out for the day’s fishing trip last year and he is hopeful of being able to be of service however he can this year as well.

When Martyn shared the news of the Fins for Freedom program to his boss, his enthusiasm was enough to convince Miranda he and the company could also help out with the program. He immediately made NORAD a generous financial contributor towards making it happen every year.

Martyn’s stories from last year are still fresh in his mind as he recounts tales he heard from veterans during the day. Some had never been out for a day on the water and how he recalls how good they felt to be able to spend it with other veterans. He told of a retired soldier who welcomed a respite for a day from his cares and concerns for a loved one, at home in Hospice care. He recalled his own father’s time in the Navy and the impact his military life had on his and his family’s life.

Nor has Martyn kept all the joy to himself. In addition to the NORAD contributions to ensure Fins for Freedom can provide the day’s outing for years to come, Martyn’s mother,Toni, who lives in Brick, wanted to be sure each of the would-be fishermen at least had a touch of sweetness for the day’s outing. Last year, she was at each boat to present bags of home-made cookies to each of the anglers. She’s waiting to find out the total number this year before she gets out the bowl and greases the cookie sheets.

Persons and companies wanting to donate to the Fins for Freedom fishing day can visit

Info@finsforfreedom.com

My Heart’s Journey …

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My Heart’s Journey: Chasing Love through Europe on a Motor Scooter
My Heart’s Journey: Chasing Love through Europe on a Motor Scooter

A Memoir by Joan Foor

Foor Publishing, 2020

My Heart’s Journey … Don’t we all have one?

In 1964, when a 28-year-old woman decided she really needed to see the world, she did it, picking up a German motor scooter and taking on thousands of miles on her little motorized vehicle by herself, unafraid, eager, and never knowing what was going to be happening the next day. In the end, she had pretty well captured all of Europe, met some amazing people, fell in and out of ‘love’ several times and proved to the world a determine woman even in the 1960s could do whatever she put her mind to.

Half a century later, this same lady now a retired Army officer, a much smarter woman and a great writer, found all here notes and collectibles from that time when she was so daring and got the idea others might like to hear her stories.

Joan Foor was right again!

My Heart’s Journey, an engaging and fast paced paperback is unique in the way Foor tells of stories of traveling from France through Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Denmark and more. She wastes little print on the beauty of the Eiffel Tower or the grandeur of Notre Dame when in Paris, or the castles of Heidelburg Germany, or even where Grace Kelly got to live after she gave up her Hollywood stardom for a happy marriage to a Prince in Monaco.

Instead, she writes about her several flirtations and weird encounters along the way, the amount and kinds of food and drink she savored in each country. She must have loved it all; she even preserved and included in the book photos of receipts in several languages, letters from home and even correspondence about her scooter which she put up for sale at the end of the trip.

The author touches on her love life that was part of the reason she took the journey in the first place, and about meeting, greeting and loving the family of her intended husband at some time further down her lifeline.

Through it all, she writes with a passion for the unusual, a daring that gave her such an exciting few months, and an experience which doubtlessly created a new foundation for her life from then forward.

What happened to the love interest, the friends she met and has kept through the years, the shocks and disappointment getting back to the States at the end of the trip are all included in a book that convinces the reader that in her later life as an Army officer, she must have been a tough lady to reckon with….but to love.

Check out My Heart’s Journey, Joan Foor, and Foor Publishing in Culver City Calif. Well worth the effort and the less than $20 purchase or library visit.

 

Other Book Reviews by Muriel HERE

Color Guards, the American Flag, and Regimental Colors

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color guards

In the wake of college students and pro-Palestinian groups tearing down the American flag and hoisting that of another country, and recently writing the story of a Medal of Honor recipient who earned the nation’s highest military award as a color guard preserving not only the American flag but also the colors of his Army division, it is interesting to know the history of why color guards were heroes, and the nation’s and state’s colors and patriotism are so intertwined.

It goes back to the Civil War.

Soldiers on both sides of the nation during the Civil War had color guards, men chosen from their ranks because of their health, ability, pride in their belief, and dedication to their nation, be it the Confederate States or the United States.

The color guards of a regiment were regarded in high esteem, the soldier being admired for his extraordinary bravery. It was the duty of the color guard to carry the flag where his officers directed, unarmed and under fire. He was expected to face the enemy and could never retreat or break ranks; if he did, the entire regiment might follow, and the battle and war would be lost.

Regimental flags were essential during the era when men fought face to face, gun barrel to gun barrel. Reverence surrounded their flags in addition to morale and that national pride.

The regimental flags were communication vehicles for the soldiers. Bugle calls or commands by voice could not be heard over the sounds of war, so soldiers were taught from the very beginning to ‘follow the flag.”

Regimental flags had another purpose as well. In the heat of battle, with rain, dark days and smoke-filled battlefields, regiments were often scattered, and it was vital for a soldier to be able to recognize where his own troops were. The color guard played a vital role in keeping the flag aloft to keep its soldiers aware, and “Rally round the flag” explained the importance of the color guard’s mission.

Because most regiments were formed by states or sections of states, keeping men of each state together with his fellow natives, state and regimental flags also served as morale builders…the men were fighting for their neighbors and family and swore allegiance and loyalty to their regiment.

Because of the fervor for what the flags represented, they were treated with reverence and respect, never allowed to touch the ground or disrespected, and always to be preserved from capture by the enemy. With both sides in the Civil War feeling the importance of his own regimental and American or Confederate flag, the color guard always fought valiantly to prevent his flag from being taken or surrendered to the enemy.

Each regiment had two color guards, one for the regimental colors, the other for the national flag; where possible, these color guards also had two other soldiers assigned to guard them and their mission, the flags were so valuable. The color guard and his flags, held aloft, were frequently visible targets to the enemy and the men considered it a disgrace and personal humiliation if his flag lost it to the enemy. Many Congressional Medal of honor recipients have been honored for their preservation of the America flag; many lost their lives doing it.

Just as a unit felt shame and horror at the capture of its flag, taking the flag of the enemy was greeted with celebration and honors. Newspapers often mentioned in Civil War battle stories how many enemy flags had been captured. News stories told of the eight men of the Fighting 69th, the New York Volunteer Infantry also known as the Irish Brigade, who were wounded or killed in carrying their flag at Antietam.

The story of the 16th Maine regiment at the Battle of Gettysburg became legendary. They were surrounded by Confederates, and fearful their flag would be taken, tore it into strips, each hiding a portion of it on their person. Many were captured and put into Confederate prisons, but still managed to keep their pieces of the flag preserved. When released in prisoner exchanges, many of the 16th Maine managed to bring their pieces of the flag back to Maine to be held in highest honors. Names of battles fought and won were often sewn on the flags and those torn or tattered in battle continued to signify the bravery of those who carried.