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Evelynn Knox … Poet

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Evelynn Knox

When Henry Hudson Regional School freshman Evelynn Knox stands before the judges vying for the states award in the Poetry Out Loud competition March 12, she is supported with the enthusiasm, backing, and congratulations of the entire school district.

The Highlands resident, who entered the contest because of her love of poetry and performing, has selected three uniquely different poems for her presentations, and has specific reasons for each of her selections.

The Poetry Out Loud program is a nationwide program created in 2006 by the National Endowment for the Arts and The Poetry Foundation. Its purpose is to promote the art of performing poetry, as well as enable a teenager to feel confident in public speaking, gain self-confidence and appreciate poetry as speech raised to its highest intensity .

After competing at the school level, Knox then competed at the regional level to win first place and be able to compete at the state level which this year will be held at the Count Basie Theater in Red Bank.

For the competition, the student had to select three poems from an anthology of 900 poems, had to memorize them and had to be certain at least one of the poems was pre-20th century.

Evelynn is only the second student in Henry Hudson’s’ history to advance to the regional level. Lydia Smith was selected for the regional contest twice; however, the contest was cancelled one of those two years due to Covid.

Evelynn has been an absolute JOY to work with,” said Jessica Merrigan, the English and Yoga instructor and SEL facilitator at Henry Hudson who designed the program for the high school. “She is dedicated and committed to learning the deeper purpose of her poems,” she continued, adding, she performs “each poem in a way that honors the poets. She is prideful of her craft, yet humble and eager to develop her potential. She’s a gem! 

Merrigan, who is also the Student Council and Journalism Club advisor in addition to the Poetry Out Loud advisor, has been working with her prize-winning student in preparation for the next competition.

I love both poetry and performing,” Evelynn said, “and the program combines those two things in the most wonderful way possible.

The student explained she has been involved in theater productions for several years, and admits she has “ grown to be comfortable on the stage.” Still, she continued, “ I had not been very experienced in the world of poetry reading/reciting, despite being very interested in it. I believe the Poetry Out Loud program helps students to learn more about poetry and storytelling, as well allowing them to become more comfortable with performance and presentation. It also sheds light on the wonderful world of poetry and brings people together through powerful storytelling.

Prior to the Poetry Out Loud competition, Evelynn had to choose three poems from the competition’s website, memorize them and practice her recitations. She candidly admits that “though there were many other details put into my performance prior to the competition. I researched each poem thoroughly and broke them down section by section to truly understand what the poet was trying to convey within the poem.”

Understanding the poet, Evelynn explained, would help her expression of the poem, since she would have a better understanding of the words she would be speaking, rather hen simply a recitation of them.

Evelynn’s three poems also show the diversity of her thoughts and the importance to her of understanding not only dialect but imagery and the message itself. Her poems for the competition are Let Evening Come, by Jane Kenyon, The Arrow and the Song by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and Altered After Too Many Years Under the Mask by C A Conrad.

In selecting Let Evening Come, by Jane Kenyon, for instance, Evelynn said she was drawn to the beautiful dialect and the poet’s use of imagery as well as the message of the poem which deals with learning to accept and finding comfort in the passage of time and the inevitability of death.

She chose each of the poems, the regional winner continued,” because they spoke to me in some way or another and made me think about the messages they conveyed.”

All of which brought her to the conclusion, that “In a way, these poems found me.”

Let Evening Come

By Jane Kenyon

Let the light of late afternoon

shine through chinks in the barn, moving   

up the bales as the sun moves down.

Let the cricket take up chafing   

as a woman takes up her needles   

and her yarn. Let evening come.

Let dew collect on the hoe abandoned   

in long grass. Let the stars appear

and the moon disclose her silver horn.

Let the fox go back to its sandy den.   

Let the wind die down. Let the shed   

go black inside. Let evening come.

To the bottle in the ditch, to the scoop   

in the oats, to air in the lung   

let evening come.

Let it come, as it will, and don’t   

be afraid. God does not leave us   

comfortless, so let evening come.

Copy right Jane Kenyon

Evelynn

The Shore Regional Question is Disgusting.

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Shore Regional
Lawyer being offered receiving money as bribe from client at desk in courtroom

 

The entire Shore Regional question is downright disgusting. Not only is the Shore Regional Board of Education rude, inconsiderate and wasteful with taxpayers’ money in continuing to fight another battle while the first one hasn’t even been settled, but so are our Monmouth County and New Jersey State Education officials as well.

Superior Court Judge Owen McCarthy

Monmouth County Superior Court Judge Owen McCarthy was outstanding in his handling of a tricky situation that took his wisdom and judicial knowledge to make some sense out of a situation that never should have gone this far.

The Monmouth County Board of Elections made it clear in their arguments before the Judge that it’s too late to halt a process that is letting the people express their opinion. So the Judge said yes, the people should vote on that $51 million Shore Regional wants to spend…

If they vote it down, that’s the end of worrying about how to get another $51 million. If they approve it, well, the judge said, they can’t get the money until the first issue about whether Sea B right is part of it, is settled.

It’s easy to see why Shore Regional doesn’t even mind spending tens of thousands of dollars for lawyers to fight so hard to keep Sea Bright in their fold. In spite of the money they’re spending to fight the Appellate court, not once but twice, then possibly the Supreme Court, for them, it’s money well spent if they win.

Because what they’re spending now, huge as it is, is still less than the taxpayers in Oceanport, West Long Branch and Monmouth Beach will have to pay for years to come if Sea Bright actually gets to leave the fold.

In short, they’ve depended on Sea Bright’s giant share of the total school tax bill for so long they just can’t do without it.

Again, nobody cares about Sea Bright.

They simply came up with the idea years ago that it might make sense to join with a closer neighbor. They studied it, presented facts, spread the information and asked the people for their opinion.

The majority, it seems, want to be part of Henry Hudson, even though it will cost them a little bit for a couple of years, but in the end would also be a great decision not only for taxes but for education.

The Governor and the Legislature promote regionalization for its tax savings.

Sea Bright is trying to do exactly what the Legislature wants.

Voters in Sea Bright and Highlands have said they want it.

The Henry Hudson Board of Education and all the members who have served on any of the boards in recent years have all said they want Sea Bright to join.

The courts have upheld Sea Bright’s position.

Yet Shore Regional continues to fight, continues to challenge what judges have said, continues to fight what appeals court judges have said.

And continues to cost the taxpayers of Oceanport, West Long Branch, Monmouth Beach and Sea Bright, thousands of dollars…

Not on education;

Not improving the buildings;

Not on better programs or academics for the kids;

Simply so the lawyers can continue the fight.

Geoffrey Stark, Attorney Representing Shoe Regional
Shore Regional

McCarthy With the Judgement of Solomon

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Shore Regional

Judgement Shore Regional board of Education can go ahead with its referendum calling for a $51 million bond issue for repairs and renovations to the school next week.

But even if it is approved, the school district cannot borrow the money until some of the problems with Sea Bright’s regionalization are decided.

Superior Court Judge Owen McCarthy

That was decision of Superior Court Judge Owen McCarthy yesterday after hearing arguments from both Sea Bright and Shore Regional, as well as Jason Sena and the state Attorney General, both representing Monmouth County Clerk Christine Hanlon.

Vito Gagliardi, Jr

Vito Gagliardi and Keri Wright of the Porzio law firm representing the borough of Sea Bright, had sought to cancel the referendum announced last month by the Shore Regional School District.

Gagliardi cited two laws he felt would halt the vote, citing the law that says no district could incur more debt while a decision is pending on whether Sea Bright can be excused from that regional district and join Henry Hudson Regional as a third town with Highlands and Atlantic Highlands.

Gagliardi also questioned whether Shore Regional was properly following election laws inasmuch as it could not keep the public informed on how a $51 million issue would impact taxes for voters without knowing whether three or four municipalities would be included in the board of education.

Jason Sena, former Atlantic Highlands borough attorney, represented County Clerk Hanlon, who was opposed to halting the vote on the basis of the lack of time between now and the already scheduled election day as well as the fact preliminary steps have already been taken and completed for the vote to take place under state election laws. To halt the process now, Sena argued, would cause irreparable damage.

On a zoom hearing Monday, the judge heard arguments from both sides, with Geoffrey Stark representing Shore Regional and Mark Gulbranson the acting Attorney General and Sena representing the Monmouth County election office and Gagliardi and Kerri Wright representing Sea Bright and its mayor, Mayor Brian Kelly, representing private citizens whose taxes would be directly impacted should Sea Bright stay in the Shore Regional district.

Gagliardi brought to the judge’s attention that whether Sea Bright will actually be part of the Shore Regional district is still a matter to be determined. That conclusion is awaiting the decision of Appellate Courts that have twice upheld Sea Bright’s request to leave the district and join Henry Hudson Regional. Shore Regional continues to challenge those decisions and it is that matter that is yet to be resolved.

In this week’s actions, brought by Gagliardi in an attempt to stop the election until Sea Bright’s situation can be decided, he argued that a funding formula should the $51 million be approved, has not yet been established, nor could it be while the district awaits an Appellate decision and the ultimate decision of the Commissioner of education.

He argued the Department of Education would never have allowed the referendum without sufficient information as to its impact on taxation, and traced the history of the Sea Bright litigation on the regionalization question for several years, long preceding any notice of a bonding referendum.

Further, he argued, the regionalization question has been ongoing for at least four years and has been upheld by the court only to have Shore Regional continue the litigation with challenges to the court decision.

Judge McCarthy closed the arguments Monday and delayed his decision until Tuesday morning to review all the testimony and  background.  He then indicated he was basing his decision on allowing the vote to continue on the county election arguments the preparation for the election has gone too far to be halted without causing damage and possible illegalities. He cited the fact sample and mail-in ballots have already been mailed to voters, as well as other routine procedures which must be followed for every election.

At the same time Judge McCarthy noted there will be likely be more litigation before matters are settled, so issuing a stay on the issuance of any bonds , should the matter be approved March 11, would be necessary. At Monday’s hearing, he described Sea Bright’s dilemma of whether it can leave the Shore Regional district as the “elephant in the room.”

“On behalf of the taxpayers of Sea Bright, I appreciate Judge McCarthy taking the difficult step of entering an injunction here and preventing Shore Regional from issuing any bonds, assuming the issue is passed,” Gagliardi said after the judge’s decision.

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Pomelo 89% H2O, 10% carbohydrates, 1% protein

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Pomelo

Pomelo  It’s official name is Citrus Grandis and the reason for the name is obvious from the start. The yellow skinned fruit that looks like a giant grapefruit…perhaps two to three pounds in size at your gourmet food market…indeed looks like and is a very large piece of citrus fruit.

More commonly known as the Pomelo, the fruit is very similar in shape, color and taste as grapefruit, though a bit sweeter. And it’s worth the effort to separate the membrane from the thick white rind, whether eating it by hand or in recipes.

Pomelos are one of the original five citrus varieties like kumquats and mandarins, while the others are actually a cross between some of the original five. For instance, it’s a cross between a pomelo and an orange that gives us grapefruit.

They are the largest of the citrus fruits, usually have a green or pale yellow outer layer with a thick pith and sweet and juicy flesh inside. They’re highly nutritious, like all citrus fruits, with plenty of dietary fiber, a variety of vitamins and minerals, including vitamin C, potassium, and copper.  They appear to be especially good for maintaining heart health, the immune system and fighting cancer cells and there is some evidence they also slow signs of aging.

Pomelo are generally commonly grown in Southeast Asia and imported to the United States where they are most easily found during winter in ethnic grocery stores or specialty supermarkets.

Pomelos have thick rinds and might be white, yellow, pink, or even orange in the middle. They are sweeter than grapefruit but still with the tang of acidity, and taste so much better when completely separated from that thick rind. An easy way to do this is to slice the fruit in half, use a scoop to get out all the colored flesh,

Or slice it all the way through in half. Then, slice between the flesh of the fruit and the outer pith layer, cut through the rind, to quarter the fruit and then pull it all apart.

Slice in half and eat like grapefruit, but sprinkle with a bit of salt or sugar. Serve it as juice, in salads, or in desserts,

For an elegant and unique breakfast taste, make Pomelo jam easily enough without pectin, since it has so much of its own.

Pomelo Jam

3 large pomelos

1 ½ cups granulated sugar

1 tsp. dried thyme

Small pinch of salt

¼ Cup water

  1. Peel pomelos, remove fruit from pith, being sure to get as much of the white bits off the fruit as possible.
  2. Add the pomelo and sugar to a large saucepan, along with the water and turn the heat on medium. Stir frequently as the fruit releases juice and the sugar melts. Raise heat once there is more liquid in the pan and bring the mixture to a boil. Continue boiling, stirring constantly, until the jelly reaches 220°F (105°C).
  3. Remove from the heat and let cool. Transfer to a jar with an airtight lid and store in refrigerator.

Great on buttered toast or English muffin.

More Recipes HERE

Pomelo

Happy 25th! Colts Neck Library

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Colts Neck Library

The Colts Neck Library is celebrating its 25 years of providing an outstanding supply of books and other educational and recreational activities at a festive party set for Sunday, March 2 at the library from 2 to 4 p.m.

The public is invited to attend , tour the facility and view the Wall of Recognition opposite the elevator upstairs and learn more about why the library, which is part of the Monmouth County Library system, plays such a vital role in the township.

With numerous programs run by the Colts Neck Friends of the Library, families through the years have praised their volunteerism and creativity, working with the Monmouth County Library Commission to keep all ages well equipped at the facility.

Many Township mayors through the years participated in reading to the younger library visitors in celebration of Read Across America Day, a day set aside specially to encourage reading to children.

The Friends have sponsored programs with musicians, animal visits by Jenkinson’s Aquarium, Santa Claus and Mrs. Claus, Art Shows including Mil Wexler Kobrinski’s Empty Bowls program benefiting JB Soul Kitchen as well as Book Sales .

Book Sales has been a vital source in the growth and continued excellence of the library Initially run by Joan Yates and now run by Bonnie Lee and Dr Amy Eschinger. Other programs include student volunteers completing Community Service hours for National Honor Society, spelling bee for third graders in Colts Neck, and even pony rides.

Volunteers have raised the funds and replaced carpeting in the Library Main Room and Children’ Room thanks to many parent and student volunteers who moved books and shelves off lowest level of cabinets; volunteers from the Fire Department, Police and the Children’s Garden all presented programs at the library.

With many visions from the past, the latest chaired by Dr Eschinger has had the most success, members agree. Under Dr. Eschinger a cement area with chairs for the children’s librarian to read to the children outside when the weather permits has been added.

Lin Fong O’Neil graciously donates the proceeds to the Friends when she paints someone’s house in oils, here own way of showing how appreciative she is of the local library and all it offers.

Colts Neck Library Colts Neck Library Colts Neck Library Colts Neck Library

9th Annual Scholarship Luncheon

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Scholarship

Tickets are now available for the 9th Annual Scholarship Luncheon sponsored by the Northern Monmouth County Chapter of the American Association of University Women at Beacon Hill Country Club on Wednesday, April 30.

Author Anastasia Rubis

Author Anastasia Rubis will be the keynote speaker for the gala. A New Jersey resident and a graduate of Brown University and Montclair State University, she also taught essay writing at Montclair. Her book, Oriana, is a biographical novel of Oriana Fallaci, one of the first women to break through the glass ceiling of journalism, paving the way for Barbara Walters and Christiane Amanpour.

Two local women who have made significant accomplishments making a difference in Monmouth County will be honored at the luncheon.

Reverend Joyce Phipps

The Women of Achievement being recognized for their inspiring work that has helped many others are Reverend Joyce Phipps, pastor of Old First Church, Kings Highway, Middletown and Mai Cleary, co-founder of Oasis in Middletown, a non-profit organization and farm that promotes the inclusion and acceptance of adults with autism in their local communities.

Rev. Phipps is also an immigration attorney, who works tirelessly in the difficult times in aiding those who seek her help.

Cleary’s exhaustive work in establishing Oasis provides environmentally exemplary farm centers that provide meaningful work, healthy and peaceful residences, and community interaction.”

Mai Cleary, co-founder of Oasis in Middletown

In addition to the presentation by Rubis, the award recognition’s and the luncheon and camaraderie, the April event also traditionally displays and offers chances on numerous unique and uniquely prepared gift baskets.

Reservations must be completed by April 12 and can be made in a variety of ways. Tickets are $95 each and can be paid at AAUW-NJ-NMCB.org, checks can be sent to AAUW, P.O. Box 398, Red Bank, NJ 07701 or at www.aauw-nj-nmcb.org. Checks for $20 can also be sent to prepurchase the book Oriana, which will be available to be picked up the day of the event.

Further information on the Luncheon or any of the programs of the Northern Monmouth Chapter of the AAUW, including its Book Sale site in the basement of Old First Church on Kings Highway, is available by calling 732-275-2237

Scholarship Scholarship Scholarship Scholarship Scholarship

Furman Parker Proud Clammer

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Furman Parker

Furman Parker was the youngest of the four Parker brothers whose parents, William Furman, Jr and Julia Abbot brought them up in the early years of the 20th century and taught them all a love of Highlands.

At the time of Furman’s youth, Highlands was a small fishing village perched none too securely on the Shrewsbury River’s edge. it seemed that the whole town and the people in it were dominated by the winding Shrewsbury and wide-blue New York Bay.

As soon as children were able to walk, they paddled around the waters. As the boys grew into young men, they followed the river for fish and clams. Even their amusements came from the waters around them.

So it was with Furman Parker, who told the story of his youth to a reporter back in the 1960s before his death on Aug. 25, 1965.  His story was of a native who didn’t like the changes that came about as the town grew in the 1950s and 1960s and people who had sought the solitude and fun of the little town on the river sold their houses up north and settled there, changing the appearance, the population, and the Highlands a kid growing up in the 30s and 40s relished.

As a young boy Furman played on the sandy shores of the bay or bucked the strong Shrewsbury currents. As he grew older he clammed off the tip of Sandy Hook.

It was before the time of outboard motors and he and his friends made two trips a day rowing the seven miles to and from the Hook’s tip. Up in the morning at sunrise and back in the evening as darkness settled over the water.

Later as he grew older he followed the Shrewsbury, raking clams from the river bed. In winter when cold winds blew over the bay and the Shrewsbury froze in its banks the town still drew its livelihood from the water. With saws, Furman and his friends cut huge cakes of ice from the river and clamming went on as usual. On the river nothing was wasted. The cakes of ice were sent to the ice houses of the restaurants and clubs or ice boxes in family kitchens.

Highlighting the summer season were the clam bakes held in the wide fields that dotted old Highlands.

Parker managed many of these affairs. Heavy stones were piled in the center of the field and heated until red hot. Then grasses gathered from the river bottom were pressed on top. As the steam rose fish, clams and lobsters were laid on and quickly covered with thick canvas.

The results had to be tasted to be fully appreciated. After everyone was stuffed to bursting the dancing began and the children played their games on the field’s edges. As many as three hundred people came to these clambakes and the soldiers from Sandy Hook took advantage of a tasty change from army-food.

In those days even the actors who made their homes on Portland road or in Atlantic Highlands seemed to be half sailor. Up shore, in an inlet called Pleasure Bay, a floating theater made its home. Great floating rafts were anchored to the seabed a few yards off shore and Thespians shouted their lines across the water to an audience that lolled on wooden benches on the beach.

Furman Parker spent many a hot summer night on the cool beach watching seagoing actors perform. It was a hardy, vigorous life, this maritime period in the early history of Highlands.

Furman admitted he often longed for the old days. “ Something always seemed to be going on,” he said. “ The town was up to date in those days.”

Even though he preferred Highlands the way it used to be, he declared he could never leave the town. “ One time I moved away from old Highlands for a few years,” he said, “but I just couldn’t stay away from that salt water.”

From the collection of Les Layton
Furman Parker Furman Parker Furman Parker Furman Parker

Vaccaro Awarded Bronze Star

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Vaccaro

Congressman Chris Smith presented the Bronze Star earned by Mike Vaccaro of Middletown more than 50 years ago to the former soldier at a ceremony in Middletown last week with three generations of Vaccaro’s family present for the long overdue award presentation.

Flying into the jungles of South Vietnam and meeting with community leaders in remote villages was a dangerous job, the then 24 year old army officer said.

What I was doing was helping local people protect themselves, defend themselves, and know what to do,” when faced with threats from the Viet Cong or North Vietnamese Army raiding their villages, Vaccaro told last week’s at the Congressman’s office. Though the dangerous terrain in the Mekong Delta necessitated he carry an M-14 rifle, grenade launcher or both, Vaccaro said he routinely received friendly welcomes from civilians. “My job was to try to help them help themselves.”

For such risky work, Vaccaro was designated to receive the Bronze Star and he had been mailed a certificate he has kept which states his award was “for meritorious achievement in ground operations against hostile forces in the Republic of Vietnam during the period of August 1971 to April 1972.”

However, the medal itself never arrived.  Then-2nd Lt. Vaccaro was shipped home early due to President Nixon’s “Vietnamization” which phased in replacement of U.S. personnel with South Vietnamese forces during the war.

Over the years I tried to contact the records operation in St. Louis several times with no success,” the Veteran told Smith. “I gave up. When I read your newsletter, I thought I would reach out to you.”

The certificate Vaccaro saved from all those years ago came to good use. Smith reached out to both the Army and the National Personnel Records Center, part of the National Archives, sending them a letter requesting a Bronze Star for the veteran, and included a copy of the certificate. Ultimately, the Army agreed with Smith, and Vaccaro’s record has been amended to reflect the medal.

Present for the ceremony were Vaccaro’s wife, Lynda, daughter Stephanie and son Michael, and grandchildren Alex and Abigail.

Your family has to know how deeply you are respected,” Smith told the veteran, a Middletown resident who will turn 79 this week. “Thank you for that courage. The Bronze Star is about courage and meritorious service. And that’s you.”

Smith told the family that the fight for a free and democratic Vietnam goes on, noting his Vietnam Human Rights Act, has passed the House three times, but stalled each time in the Senate.

Vaccaro

 

Guinness Run – St. Patrick’s Day Fundraiser

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Guinness

The Highlands Business Partnership and Off the Hook, will host the 12th Annual Guinness Run – St. Patrick’s Day Parade Fundraiser, on Saturday, March 8.

The fun run will begin at Off the Hook, 1 Navesink Ave, Highlands, where contestants will fill their cups and race to South Peak St. and back to the finish line where they started, at Off the Hook.

The runner with the most liquid in their cup at the end of the race will win the Guinness Run!

All contestants’ cups will be weighed at the beginning and end of the race. The winner will receive the Guinness Run Trophy and $100.0 and 2nd Place will be awarded $50.

The $45.00 registration fee includes a commemorative t-shirt, a Guinness pint glass for the first 100 registrants, and access to the post-race party for all runners at Off the Hook.

Registered runners will enjoy Guinness and a variety of delicious food provided by Off the Hook.

Runners can register at Off the Hook beginning at noon on Saturday. Runners must be 21 and provide ID. All proceeds benefit the 20th Annual St. Patrick’s Day Parade to be held on March 22, at 2 PM.

Supporters of the 12th Annual Guinness Run include Monmouth County Tourism, Montecalvo/Bayshore Family of Companies, Bahrs Landing, Bridge Marina, Farmacie by the French Market, Dovetail Vintage Rentals, Gateway Marina, Hufnagel Tree Service, In the Garden, Off the Hook, Proving Ground, Seafarer, Valley Bank, WRAT 95.9, Oasis Physical Therapy, Leonardo, PKF O’Connor Davies Accountants and Advisors, and Ritchie & Page Distributors.

For more information and to register online, please visit www.highlandsnj.com or call 732-291-4713.

John Witherspoon: Minister, Patriot

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John Witherspoon

John Witherspoon, one of the five Signers of the Declaration of Independence from New Jersey, was also the only signer who was an active minister at the time as well as president of Princeton University.

His grandson, John C. Breckinridge, who later fought with the Confederacy in the Civil War and was a Kentucky state representative before serving in Congress, went on to become the 14th vice president of the United States, serving under President James Buchanan, Jr.

Witherspoon was born in February 1723 in Scotland where went to the University of St. Andrews, earning his degrees in Divinity and arts before earning another degree of Master of Arts from the University of Edinburgh. He was married to Elizabeth Montgomery in 1748 when both were members of the same church in Scotland.

After marrying and starting a family Witherspoon and his wife and children came to the United States in the 1760s.

Witherspoon was strongly influenced by Richard Stockton and Benjamin Rush and accepted their offer to be President of the American College of New Jersey, now known as Princeton. The list of students he taught is impressive: 37 students became judges, three for the US Supreme Court, 12 served in the Continental Congress, 18 became senators and 49 became congressmen. One of them, James Madison, also became President of the nation Witherspoon helped form with his signature on the Declaration. Although not as worthy of pride, Witherspoon also taught Aaron Burr at Princeton.

The patriot was first introduced to the skirmish between the colonies and England in 1774 and joined the Committee of Correspondence. He also wrote and published his speech on the Dominion of Providences over the Passions of Men to inspire colonists about being more open and stronger in fighting for independence.

Witherspoon Signature

When asked to be a New Jersey delegate to the Continental Congress, Witherspoon, who also served as Congressional chaplain, used his belief in the concepts of Scottish common sense and realism in fighting for independence. He served in the Second Continental Congress signing the Declaration, then later he signed the Articles of Confederation, and was a strong supporter of ratifying the Constitution.

He was regarded as one of the most influential members of the Congress and known to fight without end for the goals in which he believed. He retired from Congress in 1782 and died in 1794.

The couple had ten children, however, only five survived to adulthood. Their oldest son James, graduated From Princeton, joined the Continental Army as a General’s aide and was killed at the Battle of Germantown  in 1777.

Son John also graduated from Princeton and practiced medicine in South Carolina before he was lost at sea in 1795.

A third son , David, graduated Princeton the same year as his brother John and practiced law in New Bern, North Carolina.

The couple’s oldest daughter Anna, married the Reverend Samuel Smith, who succeeded Witherspoon as president of Princeton in 1795.

Frances, the youngest daughter, married Dr. David Ramsay, a delegate from South Carolina to the Continental Congress.

Through the years, Witherspoon also received sharp criticism for his stand on slavery. In the 21st century, the former John Witherspoon Middletown School in Princeton had its name changed when the board of education voted he should not be recognized since he had been a slave owner. The dispute went on for two years until it was agreed to change them to honor the area, not any particular person and Princeton Middle School is now the name of the Walnut Lane school.

While Witherspoon owned slaves he lectured against it, his lectures on Moral Philosophy” advocated humane treatment of laborers, servants and slaves, stating:

This relation is first generated by the difference which God hath permitted to take place between man and man. Some are superior to others in mental powers and intellectual improvement—some by the great increase of their property through their own, or their predecessors industry, and some make it their choice, finding they cannot live otherwise better, to let out their labor to others for hire.

There are numerous records in history that showed Witherspoon’s care and concern for slaves, including accounts of how he cared for and financed impoverished former slaves during his lifetime.

The signer of the Declaration suffered eye injuries and was blind for the last two years of his life. He died in 1794 on his farm Tusculum and is buried at Princeton Cemetery along Presidents Row. His inventory at the time of his death included two slaves, valued at one hundred dollars each.

Witherspoon Hall at Princeton

There are statues of Witherspoon at Princeton, the Presbyterian Historical Society in Philadelphia, and the University of the West of Scotland in Paisley, Scotland as well as at N Street NW and Connecticut Ave., Washington, DC. The Witherspoon Hall at Princeton and the Witherspoon Building in Market East in Philadelphia, are buildings named in his honor.

In numerous historical records, the Signer’s first name is identified as Jonathon. However, it is clear from records at Princeton and the actual signature on the Declaration, that Witherspoon’s first name was John.

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